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촬영 규정

우크라이나에서 사람 촬영하기: 촬영해도 되고, 게시해도 될까?

법률 자문이 아닌 일반 정보입니다. 모든 진술에 1차 출처가 링크되어 있습니다. 확인일 2026-10-17.

이 페이지는 아직 번역되지 않아 링크된 출처와 대조해 확인한 영어판으로 표시됩니다.

거리나 공개 행사에서 공개적으로 촬영하는 것은 동의가 추정되므로 허용됩니다. 알아볼 수 있는 사람을 게시하려면 보통 동의가 필요하며, 전시 규정에 따라 군 관련 촬영은 제한됩니다.

공공장소에서 사람을 촬영해도 되나요?

The Цивільний кодекс України (the Civil Code, art. 307) says a person may be filmed only with their consent, but consent is presumed when filming is done openly in the street, at meetings, rallies and other public events. Filming without consent, including secret filming, is allowed only where a law permits it, and someone who agreed to be filmed can still demand that public showing stop for the part that concerns their private life.

The war changes a lot. Martial law has been in force since 24 February 2022 and is still extended (Decree No. 64/2022). Under it, art. 114-2 of the Кримінальний кодекс (the Criminal Code) makes it a crime to spread information about the movement or location of the Armed Forces if they can be identified on the ground and the General Staff, the Ministry of Defence or another authorised body has not published it, with five to eight years in prison and up to twelve in aggravated cases. The Commander-in-Chief's Order No. 73 of 3 March 2022 requires media accreditation in combat areas and lists what may not be shown: air-defence positions, equipment movements, enemy strike results not yet officially published, markings and plates on military vehicles.

The Закон «Про інформацію» (the Law on Information, art. 25) says a journalist may make audio and video recordings with the necessary technical means, except in cases provided by law, including in areas of hostilities after showing a press ID.

게시해도 되나요?

Publishing is a separate step. Civil Code art. 308 says a photograph or other work depicting a person may be publicly shown, reproduced or distributed only with that person's consent, unless the person posed for a fee or distribution is needed to protect their own or others' interests. The presumption in art. 307 covers the filming; the Code does not say it also covers publishing.

A recognisable image is personal data under the Закон «Про захист персональних даних» (the Law on Protection of Personal Data), which covers any information about a person who is identified or can be identified. Spreading personal data without consent is allowed only in cases defined by law (art. 14), but the law steps back for processing done exclusively for journalistic and creative purposes, provided privacy and freedom of expression are balanced (art. 25(2)).

The Ombudsman's 2026 media recommendations say an image should be published only if it is necessary for the journalistic purpose, cannot be replaced by blurring, cropping or wide shots, and the harm does not outweigh the public benefit. The Law on Information (art. 29) allows restricted information to be spread when the public's right to know outweighs the potential harm; art. 182 of the Criminal Code punishes unlawful dissemination of confidential information about a person.

아이들의 경우 무엇이 달라지나요?

There is no separate statute on filming children. Civil Code art. 272 says the personal rights of minors are exercised by their parents or guardians, so consent comes from a parent. The Ombudsman says a child's personal data is processed exclusively with the consent of the legal representative, in the child's best interests; its media recommendations add that children's images should be published only in exceptional cases, never revealing where the child is.

개인적 이용과 게시의 차이

Recording for yourself is largely outside the data law: art. 25(2) says it does not apply to processing by a natural person exclusively for personal or household needs. Posting publicly is unlikely to count as purely personal, so art. 308, art. 14 of the data law and the journalistic balance test apply, and the Ombudsman's media recommendations ask journalists to know the legal basis for each publication and strip geolocation and EXIF metadata.

얼굴 블러 처리가 바꾸는 것

Blurring helps because the law protects identifiable people. The data law defines depersonalisation (знеособлення) as removing the information that allows a person to be identified directly or indirectly, the Ombudsman confirms that cameras collect personal data and lists blurring, cropping, hiding the face or voice and wide shots as less intrusive options to consider first.

It is not a complete fix. Voice, tattoos, clothing, a caption and the location can still identify someone; the EU Article 29 Working Party's Opinion 05/2014 on anonymisation says anonymisation must be irreversible and that pseudonymisation "is not a method of anonymisation". Blurring faces also does nothing for the wartime rules: art. 114-2 is about troop locations, not faces.

법이 불분명한 부분

The Civil Code does not define "street" or "public event", and does not say whether the presumption of consent to be filmed (art. 307) extends to publishing under art. 308; the answer depends on the facts. Order No. 73 binds the military and accredited media; for everyone else art. 114-2 applies, plus local measures under art. 8 of the Закон «Про правовий режим воєнного стану» (the Law on the Legal Regime of Martial Law), which allows seizing video equipment for breaches. Check local restrictions before filming near anything military.

출처

촬영하는 곳의 규정이 어떻든, 동의를 받지 않은 얼굴을 블러 처리하는 것이 게시 전에 안전을 지키는 가장 간단한 방법입니다. Anonimo 앱은 영상을 업로드하지 않고 iPhone에서 이 작업을 합니다.

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